中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (14): 2170-2176.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2233

• 脊柱组织构建 spinal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮椎体支架成形和经皮椎体后凸成形治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效观察

马延怀1,张顺聪2,袁  凯2,周腾鹏1,罗培杰1,莫国业2,郭惠智1,唐永超2,郭丹青1,温广伟2,许岳荣2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学,广东省广州市  510405;2广州中医药大学第一附属医院脊柱外科,广东省广州市  510405
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-11 修回日期:2019-05-14 接受日期:2019-08-01 出版日期:2020-05-18 发布日期:2020-03-13
  • 通讯作者: 张顺聪,博士,主任中医师,广州中医药大学第一附属医院脊柱外科,广东省广州市 510405
  • 作者简介:马延怀,男,1995年生,广东省汕头市人,汉族,广州中医药大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划项目(2016A020215137)

Therapeutic effects of percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty on osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

Ma Yanhuai1, Zhang Shuncong2, Yuan Kai2, Zhou Tengpeng1, Luo Peijie1, Mo Guoye2, Guo Huizhi1, Tang Yongchao2, Guo Danqing1,    Wen Guangwei2, Xu Yuerong2   

  1. 1Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2019-05-11 Revised:2019-05-14 Accepted:2019-08-01 Online:2020-05-18 Published:2020-03-13
  • Contact: Zhang Shuncong, MD, Chief physician of traditional Chinese medicine, Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Ma Yanhuai, Master candidate, Physician, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Project of Guangdong Province, No. 2016A020215137

摘要:

文题释义:
椎体成形术:是指通过向骨折椎体内注入骨水泥等生物材料以达到缓解疼痛,恢复椎体高度,纠正局部后凸畸形,增加椎体稳定性的手术方式,在临床上被广泛应用于骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的治疗中。
骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折:是指因骨量减少,骨组织微结构退变,骨组织强度下降、脆性增加等病理生理因素导致的椎体出现压缩、塌陷变形的疾病。

背景:经皮椎体支架成形术能较好地改善患者疼痛、恢复椎体高度、纠正局部后凸畸形,但目前尚未有确切的临床研究显示其较经皮椎体后凸成形术有明显的优势。

目的:比较经皮椎体支架成形术和经皮椎体后凸成形术在治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折方面的近期疗效。

方法:回顾性分析广州中医药大学第一附属医院2017年1月至2018年12月收治的40例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折行经皮椎体支架成形(vertebral body stenting system,VBS)或经皮椎体后凸成形(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗的患者,根据手术方式分为2组,VBS组15例,PKP组25例,再根据术中透视手术节段是否呈后伸位,分为2亚组,VBS后伸位组7例,PKP后伸位组14例。

结果与结论:①与PKP组相比,VBS组术中注入骨水泥量较多(P < 0.05),两组在手术时间、术中出血量及渗漏率等方面均无显著差异(P > 0.05);②与术前相比,VBS组和PKP组的目测类比评分均显著下降,且在末次随访时进一步下降(P < 0.05);③VBS组与PKP组伤椎前缘高度、伤椎中部高度、伤椎前缘高度比均较术前明显增加(P < 0.05),VBS组与PKP组压缩Cobb角均较术前显著降低(P < 0.05),VBS手术后压缩Cobb角低于PKP组(P < 0.05),VBS组局部Cobb角较术前明显降低(P < 0.05);④在亚组比较中,两组在手术时间、术中出血量、骨水泥量、骨水泥渗漏、临床疗效(目测类比评分)及影像学评估(伤椎前缘高度、伤椎中部高度、伤椎前缘高度比及椎体压缩cobb角、局部Cobb角)等方面均无显著差异(P > 0.05);⑤结果表明,VBS与PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折疗效明显;VBS在注入更多的骨水泥的同时,对局部后凸畸形能起到更好的纠正作用;通过术中体位的摆放,使手术节段处于后伸位,能减少两种手术方式的疗效差异。

ORCID: 0000-0002-7618-7188(马延怀)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 骨质疏松症, 椎体压缩骨折, 经皮椎体支架成形术, 经皮椎体后凸成形术, 疗效观察, 影像学评估, 骨组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebral body stenting system (VBS) can alleviate patient's pain, recover the height of vertebral body, and correct local kyphosis, but there is no definite clinical study to show that it has obvious advantages over percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).

OBJECTIVE: To compare the short-term effect of VBS versus PKP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.

METHODS: Forty patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture who received VBS or PKP between January 2017 and December 2018 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were included in this study. They were divided into a VBS group (n=15) and a PKP group (n=25) according to surgery method. According to whether fluoroscopic operation was performed in retroextension position, two subgroups were designated: VBS retroextension group (n=7) and PKP retroextension group (n=14).

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the PKP group, the amount of bone cement injected into the vertebra was greater in the VBS group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and leakage rate of cement between PKP and VBS groups (P > 0.05). Compared with preoperative situations, Visual Analogue Scale score was significantly decreased after surgery in both VBS and PKP groups, and further decreased at the last follow-up (P < 0.05). The height of anterior edge of the injured vertebra, the height of middle part of the injured vertebra and the ratio of the height of the anterior edge of injured vertebra to adjacent vertebra were significantly increased after surgery in both VBS and PKP groups (P < 0.05). In both VBS and PKP groups, the Cobb angle of vertebral compression was significantly decreased after surgery compared with before surgery (P < 0.05). After surgery, the Cobb angle of vertebral compression in the VBS group was smaller than that in the PKP group (P < 0.05). In the VBS group, local Cobb angle after surgery was significantly decreased compared with that before surgery (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, amount of bone cement, bone cement leakage, clinical efficacy (VAS score), imaging evaluation (height of anterior edge of injured vertebra, height of middle part of injured vertebra, height ratio of anterior edge of injured vertebra to adjacent vertebra, Cobb angle of vertebral compression and local Cobb angle between VBS retroextension and PKP retroextension groups (P > 0.05). These results suggest that VBS and PKP are effective in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. VBS can better correct compression kyphosis deformity when more bone cement is injected. The difference of therapeutic efficacy between two surgical approaches can be reduced with proper surgical position, keeping the surgical segment in the retroextension position. 

Key words: osteoporosis, vertebral compression fracture, vertebral body stenting system, kyphoplasty, clinical observation, imaging evaluation, bone tissue engineering

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